Self-Regulatory Efficacy

The Self-Regulatory Efficacy measure included 5 items (Pastorelli et al., 2001) that measured children’s capability to resist peer pressure to engage in high-risk activities such as alcohol, drugs, and transgressive activities that can get them into trouble (e.g., “How well can you stop yourself from skipping school when you feel bored or upset?”; “How well can you resist peer pressure to smoke cigarettes?”; 1=not at all; 5= very well).

• Pastorelli, C., Caprara, G.V., Barbaranelli, C., Rola, J., Rozsa, S., Bandura, A. (2001). The structure of children’s perceived self-efficacy: A cross-national study. European Journal of Psychological Assessment,  17(2), 87-97.