MEASURE: Parental Acceptance-Rejection/Control Questionnaire: Youth as Parents (Short Form)

The parent version of the Parental Acceptance-Rejection/Control Questionnaire-Short Form (PARQ/Control-SF) was used to measure the frequency of mother and father parenting behaviors. PAC youth who have become parents rated items for their oldest child on a modified scale: 1 = never or almost never, 2 = once a month, 3 = once a week, or 4 = every day. The total acceptance-rejection scale is computed as the sum of 8 warmth-affection (reversed), 6 hostility-aggression, 4 rejection, and 6 neglect-indifference items (high score = more rejection). In a meta-analysis of the reliability of the PARQ using data from 51 studies in 8 countries, Khaleque and Rohner (2002) concluded that internal consistency (α) reliabilities exceeded .70 in all groups, effect sizes were homogenous across groups, and convergent and discriminant validity were demonstrated.