Description:
Child adjustment was measured using Achenbach’s Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) completed by parents and the Youth Self Report (YSR) completed by the child participants. The Achenbach measures have been translated into at least 69 languages, and over 5,000 published studies have used this measure with at least 60 cultural groups. Aside from the measures’ widespread use in different countries, several researchers have specifically demonstrated good psychometric properties and cross-cultural and cross-language equivalence of the measures across cultural groups. These items captured behaviors such as argues a lot, screams a lot, worries, is disobedient at home, and threatens people. Each item measured the frequency a child participated in a particular behavior: never (coded as 0), sometimes (coded as 1), or often (coded as 2). This measure includes both an internalizing and externalizing scale.
If young adult participants have become parents, they are asked to report on the behavior of their oldest child.
Reference(s)
Publication(s)
Al‐Hassan, S. M. (2024). Cultural values, parenting and child adjustment in Jordan. International Journal of Psychology, 59(4), 531-539.
Alampay, L. P. (2024). Cultural values, parenting and child adjustment in the Philippines. International Journal of Psychology, 59(4), 568-577.
Bacchini, D., Cirimele, F., Di Giunta, L., Miranda, M. C., & Pastorelli, C. (2024). Cultural values, parenting and child adjustment in Italy. International Journal of Psychology, 59(4), 540-549.
Breiner, K., Lansford, J. E., Skinner, A. T., Steinberg, L., Bornstein, M. H., Deater-Deckard, K., Dodge, K. A., & Rothenberg, W. A. (2024). Cultural values, parenting, and child adjustment in the United States. International Journal of Psychology, 59(4), 588-597.
Buchanan, C. M., Zietz, S., Lansford, J. E., Skinner, A. T., Di Giunta, L., Dodge, K. A., Gurdal, S., Liu, Q., Long, Q., Oburu, P., Pastorelli, C., Sorbring, E., Steinberg, L., Tapanya, S., Uribe Tirado, L. M., Yotanyamaneewong, S., Alampay, L. P., Al-Hassan, S. M., Bacchini, D., Bornstein, M. H., Chang, L., & Deater-Deckard, K. (2023). Typicality and trajectories of problematic and positive behaviors over adolescence in eight countries. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 99172.
Chang, L., Lu, H. J., Lansford, J. E., Skinner, A. T., Bornstein, M. H., Steinberg, L., Dodge, K.A., Chen, B.B., Tian, Q., Bacchini, D., Deater-Deckard, K., Pastorelli, C., Alampay, L.P., Sorbring, E., Al-Hassan, S.M., Oburu, P., Malone, P.S., Di Giunta, L., Uribe Tirado, L., & Tapanya, S. (2019). Environmental harshness and unpredictability, life history, and social and academic behavior of adolescents in nine countries. Developmental Psychology, 55, 890-903.
Chang, L., Lu, H., Lansford, J. E., Bornstein, M. H., Steinberg, L., Chen, B., Skinner, A. T., Dodge, K. A., Deater-Deckard, K., Bacchini, D., Pastorelli, C., Alampay, L. P., Tapanya, S., Sorbring, E., Oburu, P., Al-Hassan, S., Di Giunta, L., Malone, P. S., Uribe Tirado, L. M., & Yotanyamaneewong, S. (2019). External environment and internal state in relation to life-history behavioural profiles of adolescents in nine countries. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 286(1917), 20192097.
Cortright, C., An, D., Lansford, J. E., Bornstein, M. H., Chang, L., Deater-Deckard, K., Di Giunta, L., Dodge, K. A., Gurdal, S., Junla, D., Liu, Q., Long, Q., Oburu, P., Pastorelli, C., Skinner, A. T., Sorbring, E., Steinberg, L., Uribe Tirado, L. M., Yotanyamaneewong, S., Alampay, L. P., Al-Hassan, S. M., & Bacchini, D. (2026). The relations among depressive symptoms, self-esteem, and optimism during adolescence: Longitudinal evidence from nine countries. Development and Psychopathology, 38, 552–563.
Deater-Deckard, K., Godwin, J., Lansford, J. E., Bacchini, D., Bombi, A. S., Bornstein, M. H., Chang, L., Di Giunta, L., Dodge, K. A., Malone, P. S., Oburu, P., Pastorelli, C., Skinner, A. T., Sorbring, E., Steinberg, L., Tapanya, S., Alampay, L. P., Uribe Tirado, L. M., Zelli, A., & Al-Hassan, S. M. (2018). Within- and between-person and group variance in behavior and beliefs in cross-cultural longitudinal data. Journal of Adolescence, 62, 207-217.
Deater-Deckard, K., Godwin, J., Lansford, J. E., Uribe Tirado, L. M., Yotanyamaneewong, S., Alampay, L. P., Al-Hassan, S. M., Bacchini, D., Bornstein, M. H., Chang, L., Di Giunta, L., Dodge, K. A., Oburu, P., Pastorelli, C., Skinner, A. T., Sorbring, E., Steinberg, L., & Tapanya, S. (2019). Chaos, danger, and maternal parenting in families: Links with adolescent adjustment in low- and middle-income countries. Developmental Science, 22(5), e12855.
Waves Used
- Youth 1
- Youth 2
- Youth 3
- Youth 5
- Youth 7
- Youth 8
- Youth 10
- Youth 11